Brentwood Electrical Experts

Get FREE quote

How to Install an EV Charger: A Detailed Walkthrough

Installing an electric vehicle (EV) charger at home or in a commercial setting requires careful planning, adherence to electrical codes, and the right equipment. While the process can vary based on local regulations and the specific charger model, the following step-by-step guide offers a comprehensive overview of what to expect. By following these guidelines—and working with licensed professionals where required—you can ensure a safe, efficient installation that meets both current and future charging needs.

1. Determine Your Charger Type and Power Requirements

  1. Level 1 vs. Level 2 vs. DC Fast Charger
    • Level 1 (120V): Usually comes with the vehicle and plugs into a standard household outlet. Best for low daily mileage and overnight charging.
    • Level 2 (240V): Faster charging, typically adding 25–30 miles of range per hour. Popular for home, workplace, and commercial locations.
    • DC Fast Charger (Level 3): Primarily for public or commercial use; requires significant electrical infrastructure and is costly to install.
  2. Assess Your Vehicle’s Onboard Charger Capacity
    • Each EV has a maximum onboard charging rate. There’s no need to invest in a charger that exceeds your vehicle’s capacity.
  3. Plan for Future Upgrades
    • If you’re considering acquiring another EV or expect higher charging needs, opt for a charger or electrical panel capacity that can accommodate growth.

2. Check Local Regulations and Obtain Permits

  1. Local Building Codes
    • Most jurisdictions require a permit for adding a dedicated EV circuit, especially if you’re installing a fixed Level 2 charger.
    • Check the National Electrical Code (NEC) in the U.S., or your country’s equivalent guidelines, plus any local amendments.
  2. Permitting Process
    • Reach out to your city or county building department to confirm what paperwork you’ll need.
    • Permit fees usually range from $50 to $300, depending on location.
  3. Inspection Requirements
    • After installation, an official inspection ensures compliance with safety and building codes.
    • Passing this inspection is mandatory before you can legally operate your new EV charger.

3. Evaluate Your Electrical Panel and Capacity

  1. Amperage Rating
    • A Level 2 EV charger often requires a 40–50 amp circuit, though some models need more.
    • Most modern homes have a 200-amp service panel, but older homes may only have 100-amp service.
  2. Load Calculation
    • A licensed electrician can perform a load calculation to confirm whether your panel can handle the additional load of a new EV circuit.
    • If you’re close to maxing out your existing service, a panel upgrade to 200 amps (or higher) might be necessary.
  3. Dedicated Circuit
    • EV chargers typically require their own dedicated breaker to avoid overloads and potential fire hazards.

4. Plan the Charger Location

  1. Distance from the Electrical Panel
    • Minimizing the distance between the charger and your breaker panel reduces wiring and conduit costs.
    • Shorter runs also decrease voltage drop, ensuring efficient power delivery.
  2. Indoor vs. Outdoor Placement
    • Indoor (Garage): Offers protection from weather and potential vandalism; requires fewer weatherproofing measures.
    • Outdoor: Needs a weatherproof charger unit and potentially more robust mounting solutions.
  3. Accessibility and Cable Management
    • Position the charger where it’s easy to plug in your vehicle.
    • Use cable hangers or retractable reels to keep cords neatly organized and off the ground.

5. Gather Tools and Materials

  1. Charger Unit
    • Ensure you have the correct model for your EV and your chosen amperage.
    • Consider smart chargers with Wi-Fi or load management features for added convenience.
  2. Electrical Supplies
    • Wire and Conduits: Sized appropriately for the charger’s amperage and the distance to the breaker panel.
    • Circuit Breaker: A breaker rated to handle the amperage of the chosen charger.
    • Mounting Hardware: Screws, anchors, or brackets for secure installation (especially if mounting on concrete or masonry).
  3. Safety Equipment
    • Protective Gear: Gloves, safety goggles, and sturdy footwear.
    • Voltage Tester: To verify the circuit is de-energized before working on it.

6. Installation Steps

Important: If you are not a licensed electrician, consult or hire one to handle the electrical portions. Working with electricity can be hazardous without proper training.

  1. Power Shutoff
    • Turn off the main breaker in your service panel to cut power before you start any electrical work.
  2. Install the New Circuit Breaker
    • Remove the panel cover carefully.
    • Insert the correctly rated breaker into an available slot, ensuring it matches the amperage requirements of your charger.
  3. Run Conduit and Wiring
    • Measure the distance from the panel to your charger’s location.
    • Cut and fit conduit (if required) along walls or ceilings, securing it according to local code.
    • Pull the appropriately gauged wire through the conduit.
  4. Mount the Charger
    • Use the provided template or mounting bracket to secure the charger to your wall or stand.
    • Follow the manufacturer’s instructions regarding height and clearance.
  5. Connect Wires to the Charger
    • Confirm the charger’s internal connection points (usually labeled for hot, neutral, and ground/earth).
    • Tighten all terminal screws firmly, ensuring no copper strands are exposed.
  6. Re-energize and Test
    • Replace the panel cover securely.
    • Turn the main breaker back on.
    • Test the charger with your EV or a suitable testing device to confirm correct operation.

7. Inspection and Final Approval

  1. Scheduled Inspection
    • Contact your local building department to schedule a post-installation inspection.
    • Be present during the inspection to answer any questions.
  2. Address Any Code Violations
    • If the inspector identifies issues—such as improper grounding or substandard wiring—you’ll need to fix them before receiving approval.
  3. Certification and Permit Closeout
    • Once you pass inspection, the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) will finalize your permit.
    • You can now officially operate your EV charger without legal or safety concerns.

8. Tips and Best Practices

  1. Smart Charging Features
    • Consider a charger with scheduling and remote monitoring to charge during off-peak hours, potentially lowering electricity costs.
  2. Future-Proofing
    • Install a charger or wiring that can handle higher amperage if you plan to upgrade to a larger EV battery or multiple vehicles in the future.
  3. Regular Maintenance
    • Occasionally inspect the charger for damage, loose connections, or wear.
    • Keep the area around the charger clean and free of clutter.
  4. Track Incentives
    • Some utilities or government agencies offer rebates or tax credits for EV charger installation. Check local and federal programs before purchasing.

Conclusion

Learning how to install an EV charger involves more than just plugging in a device. You need to consider local codes, permit requirements, panel capacity, and safe wiring practices. By selecting the right charger type and working with licensed professionals where necessary, you’ll establish a reliable charging setup that enhances convenience, boosts property value, and supports the ongoing transition to sustainable transportation.

Whether you’re planning a simple home installation or a more advanced commercial project, taking a thoughtful, code-compliant approach ensures a safe, efficient experience for years to come.

REQUEST A FREE ESTIMATE